List of Command Prompt Commands

a

   ADDUSERS Add or list users to/from a CSV file
   ADmodcmd Active Directory Bulk Modify
   ARP      Address Resolution Protocol
   ASSOC    Change file extension associations•
   ASSOCIAT One step file association
   AT       Schedule a command to run at a specific time
   ATTRIB   Change file attributes

b
   BCDBOOT  Create or repair a system partition
   BCDEDIT  Manage Boot Configuration Data
   BITSADMIN Background Intelligent Transfer Service
   BOOTCFG  Edit Windows boot settings
   BROWSTAT Get domain, browser and PDC info

c
   CACLS    Change file permissions
   CALL     Call one batch program from another•
   CERTREQ  Request certificate from a certification authority
   CD       Change Directory - move to a specific Folder•
   CHANGE   Change Terminal Server Session properties
   CHKDSK   Check Disk - check and repair disk problems
   CHKNTFS  Check the NTFS file system
   CHOICE   Accept keyboard input to a batch file
   CIPHER   Encrypt or Decrypt files/folders
   CleanMgr Automated cleanup of Temp files, recycle bin
   CLEARMEM Clear memory leaks
   CLIP     Copy STDIN to the Windows clipboard
   CLS      Clear the screen•
   CLUSTER  Windows Clustering
   CMD      Start a new CMD shell
   CMDKEY   Manage stored usernames/passwords
   COLOR    Change colors of the CMD window•
   COMP     Compare the contents of two files or sets of files
   COMPACT  Compress files or folders on an NTFS partition
   COMPRESS Compress individual files on an NTFS partition
   CON2PRT  Connect or disconnect a Printer
   CONVERT  Convert a FAT drive to NTFS
   COPY     Copy one or more files to another location•
   CSCcmd   Client-side caching (Offline Files)
   CSVDE    Import or Export Active Directory data 

d
   DATE     Display or set the date•
   DEFRAG   Defragment hard drive
   DEL      Delete one or more files•
   DELPROF  Delete user profiles
   DELTREE  Delete a folder and all subfolders
   DevCon   Device Manager Command Line Utility 
   DIR      Display a list of files and folders•
   DIRUSE   Display disk usage
   DISKPART Disk Administration
   DISKSHADOW Volume Shadow Copy Service
   DNSSTAT  DNS Statistics
   DOSKEY   Edit command line, recall commands, and create macros
   DriverQuery Display installed device drivers
   DSACLs   Active Directory ACLs
   DSAdd    Add items to active directory (user group computer) 
   DSGet    View items in active directory (user group computer)
   DSQuery  Search for items in active directory (user group computer)
   DSMod    Modify items in active directory (user group computer)
   DSMove   Move an Active directory Object
   DSRM     Remove items from Active Directory 

e
   ECHO     Display message on screen•
   ENDLOCAL End localisation of environment changes in a batch file•
   ERASE    Delete one or more files•
   EVENTCREATE Add a message to the Windows event log
   EXIT     Quit the current script/routine and set an errorlevel•
   EXPAND   Uncompress files
   EXTRACT  Uncompress CAB files 

f
   FC       Compare two files
   FIND     Search for a text string in a file
   FINDSTR  Search for strings in files
   FOR /F   Loop command: against a set of files•
   FOR /F   Loop command: against the results of another command•
   FOR      Loop command: all options Files, Directory, List•
   FORFILES Batch process multiple files
   FORMAT   Format a disk
   FREEDISK Check free disk space (in bytes)
   FSUTIL   File and Volume utilities
   FTP      File Transfer Protocol
   FTYPE    File extension file type associations• 

g
   GETMAC   Display the Media Access Control (MAC) address
   GLOBAL   Display membership of global groups
   GOTO     Direct a batch program to jump to a labelled line•
   GPRESULT Display Resultant Set of Policy information
   GPUPDATE Update Group Policy settings

h
   HELP     Online Help 

i
   iCACLS   Change file and folder permissions
   IF       Conditionally perform a command•
   IFMEMBER Is the current user a member of a Workgroup
   IPCONFIG Configure IP

k
   KILL     Remove a program from memory 

l
   LABEL    Edit a disk label
   LOCAL    Display membership of local groups
   LOGEVENT Write text to the event viewer
   LOGMAN   Manage Performance Monitor
   LOGOFF   Log a user off
   LOGTIME  Log the date and time in a file 

m
   MAPISEND Send email from the command line
   MBSAcli  Baseline Security Analyzer
   MEM      Display memory usage
   MD       Create new folders•
   MKLINK   Create a symbolic link (linkd) •
   MODE     Configure a system device
   MORE     Display output, one screen at a time
   MOUNTVOL Manage a volume mount point
   MOVE     Move files from one folder to another•
   MOVEUSER Move a user from one domain to another
   MSG      Send a message
   MSIEXEC  Microsoft Windows Installer
   MSINFO32 System Information
   MSTSC    Terminal Server Connection (Remote Desktop Protocol)
   MV       Copy in-use files 

n
   NET      Manage network resources
   NETDOM   Domain Manager
   NETSH    Configure Network Interfaces, Windows Firewall & Remote access
   NETSVC   Command-line Service Controller
   NBTSTAT  Display networking statistics (NetBIOS over TCP/IP)
   NETSTAT  Display networking statistics (TCP/IP)
   NOW      Display the current Date and Time 
   NSLOOKUP Name server lookup
   NTBACKUP Backup folders to tape
   NTRIGHTS Edit user account rights

o
   OPENFILES Query or display open files

p
   PATH     Display or set a search path for executable files•
   PATHPING Trace route plus network latency and packet loss
   PAUSE    Suspend processing of a batch file and display a message•
   PERMS    Show permissions for a user
   PERFMON  Performance Monitor
   PING     Test a network connection
   POPD     Return to a previous directory saved by PUSHD•
   PORTQRY  Display the status of ports and services
   POWERCFG Configure power settings
   PRINT    Print a text file
   PRINTBRM Print queue Backup/Recovery
   PRNCNFG  Display, configure or rename a printer
   PRNMNGR  Add, delete, list printers set the default printer
   PROMPT   Change the command prompt•
   PsExec     Execute process remotely
   PsFile     Show files opened remotely
   PsGetSid   Display the SID of a computer or a user
   PsInfo     List information about a system
   PsKill     Kill processes by name or process ID
   PsList     List detailed information about processes
   PsLoggedOn Who's logged on (locally or via resource sharing)
   PsLogList  Event log records
   PsPasswd   Change account password
   PsPing     Measure network performance
   PsService  View and control services
   PsShutdown Shutdown or reboot a computer
   PsSuspend  Suspend processes
   PUSHD    Save and then change the current directory•

q
   QGREP    Search file(s) for lines that match a given pattern
   Query Process    Display processes (TS/Remote Desktop)
   Query Session    Display all sessions (TS/Remote Desktop)
   Query TermServer List all servers (TS/Remote Desktop)
   Query User       Display user sessions (TS/Remote Desktop) 

r
   RASDIAL  Manage RAS connections
   RASPHONE Manage RAS connections
   RECOVER  Recover a damaged file from a defective disk
   REG      Registry: Read, Set, Export, Delete keys and values
   REGEDIT  Import or export registry settings
   REGSVR32 Register or unregister a DLL
   REGINI   Change Registry Permissions
   REM      Record comments (remarks) in a batch file•
   REN      Rename a file or files•
   REPLACE  Replace or update one file with another
   Reset Session  Delete a Remote Desktop Session
   RD       Delete folder(s)•
   RMTSHARE Share a folder or a printer
   ROBOCOPY Robust File and Folder Copy
   ROUTE    Manipulate network routing tables
   RUN      Start | RUN commands
   RUNAS    Execute a program under a different user account
   RUNDLL32 Run a DLL command (add/remove print connections) 

s
   SC       Service Control
   SCHTASKS Schedule a command to run at a specific time
   SCLIST   Display Services
   SET      Display, set, or remove session environment variables•
   SETLOCAL Control the visibility of environment variables•
   SETX     Set environment variables
   SFC      System File Checker 
   SHARE    List or edit a file share or print share
   ShellRunAs Run a command under a different user account
   SHIFT    Shift the position of batch file parameters•
   SHORTCUT Create a windows shortcut (.LNK file)
   SHOWGRPS List the Workgroups a user has joined
   SHOWMBRS List the Users who are members of a Workgroup
   SHUTDOWN Shutdown the computer
   SLEEP    Wait for x seconds
   SLMGR    Software Licensing Management (Vista/2008)
   SOON     Schedule a command to run in the near future
   SORT     Sort input
   START    Start a program, command or batch file•
   SU       Switch User
   SUBINACL Edit file and folder Permissions, Ownership and Domain
   SUBST    Associate a path with a drive letter
   SYSTEMINFO List system configuration 

t
   TAKEOWN  Take ownership of a file
   TASKLIST List running applications and services
   TASKKILL Remove a running process from memory
   TIME     Display or set the system time•
   TIMEOUT  Delay processing of a batch file
   TITLE    Set the window title for a CMD.EXE session•
   TLIST    Task list with full path
   TOUCH    Change file timestamps    
   TRACERT  Trace route to a remote host
   TREE     Graphical display of folder structure
   TSSHUTDN Remotely shut down or reboot a terminal server
   TYPE     Display the contents of a text file•
   TypePerf Write performance data to a log file 

u
   USRSTAT  List domain usernames and last login 

v
   VER      Display version information•
   VERIFY   Verify that files have been saved•
   VOL      Display a disk label•

w
   WAITFOR  Wait for or send a signal
   WHERE    Locate and display files in a directory tree
   WHOAMI   Output the current UserName and domain
   WINDIFF  Compare the contents of two files or sets of files
   WINMSDP  Windows system report
   WINRM    Windows Remote Management
   WINRS    Windows Remote Shell
   WMIC     WMI Commands
   WUAUCLT  Windows Update

x
   XCACLS   Change file and folder permissions
   XCOPY    Copy files and folders
   ::       Comment / Remark•

Keyboard Shortcuts for Windows XP

To
Press

Set focus on a notification.

Windows Key+B

 

View properties for the selected item.

ALT+ENTER

 

Displays the properties of the selected object.

ALT+Enter

 

Cycle through items in the order they were opened.

ALT+ESC

 

"Close the active item, or quit the active program.

ALT+F4

 

Opens the shortcut menu for the active window.

ALT+SPACEBAR

 

Display the System menu for the active window.

ALT+SPACEBAR

 

Switch between open items.

ALT+TAB

 

Carry out the corresponding command or select the corresponding option in a dialog box.

ALT+Underlined letter

 

Display the corresponding menu.

ALT+Underlined letter in a menu name

 

Select a button if the active option is a group of option buttons in a dialog box.

Arrow keys

 

View the folder one level up in My Computer or Windows Explorer.

BACKSPACE

 

Open a folder one level up if a folder is selected in the Save As or Open dialog box in a dialog box.

BACKSPACE

 

Copy selected item.

CTRL while dragging an item

 

Select all.

CTRL+A

 

Copy.

CTRL+C

 

Move the insertion point to the beginning of the next paragraph.

CTRL+DOWN ARROW

 

Display the Start menu.

CTRL+ESC

 

Close the active document in programs that allow you to have multiple documents open simultaneously.

CTRL+F4

 

Move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous word.

CTRL+LEFT ARROW

 

Move the insertion point to the beginning of the next word.

CTRL+RIGHT ARROW

 

Create shortcut to selected item.

CTRL+SHIFT while dragging an item

 

Highlight a block of text.

CTRL+SHIFT with any of the arrow keys

 

Move backward through tabs in a dialog box.

CTRL+SHIFT+TAB

 

Move forward through tabs in a dialog box.

CTRL+TAB

 

Move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous paragraph.

CTRL+UP ARROW

 

Paste.

CTRL+V

 

Search for computers.

CTRL+Windows Key+F

 

Cut.

CTRL+X

 

Undo.

CTRL+Z

 

Delete.

DELETE

 

Display the bottom of the active window.

END

 

Carry out the command for the active option or button in a dialog box.

ENTER

 

Cancel the current task.

ESC

 

Display Help in a dialog box.

F1

 

Activate the menu bar in the active program.

F10

 

Rename selected item.

F2

 

Search for a file or folder.

F3

 

Display the Address bar list in My Computer or Windows Explorer.

F4

 

Display the items in the active list in a dialog box.

F4

 

Refresh the active window.

F5

 

Cycle through screen elements in a window or on the desktop.

F6

 

Display the top of the active window.

HOME

 

Switch MouseKeys on and off.

Left ALT +left SHIFT +NUM LOCK

 

Switch High Contrast on and off.

Left ALT +left SHIFT +PRINT SCREEN

 

Open the next menu to the left, or close a submenu.

LEFT ARROW

 

Collapse current selection if it's expanded, or select parent folder.

LEFT ARROW

 

Display the items in the active list in a dialog box.

F4

 

Refresh the active window.

F5

 

Cycle through screen elements in a window or on the desktop.

F6

 

Display the top of the active window.

HOME

 

Switch MouseKeys on and off.

Left ALT +left SHIFT +NUM LOCK

 

Switch High Contrast on and off.

Left ALT +left SHIFT +PRINT SCREEN

 

Open the next menu to the left, or close a submenu.

LEFT ARROW

 

Collapse current selection if it's expanded, or select parent folder.

LEFT ARROW

 

Display the items in the active list in a dialog box.

F4

 

Refresh the active window.

F5

 

Cycle through screen elements in a window or on the desktop.

F6

 

Display the top of the active window.

HOME

 

Switch MouseKeys on and off.

Left ALT +left SHIFT +NUM LOCK

 

Switch High Contrast on and off.

Left ALT +left SHIFT +PRINT SCREEN

 

Open the next menu to the left, or close a submenu.

LEFT ARROW

 

Collapse current selection if it's expanded, or select parent folder.

LEFT ARROW

 

Display the shortcut menu for the selected item.

Menu key

 

Switch ToggleKeys on and off.

NUM LOCK for five seconds

 

Display all subfolders under the selected folder.

NUM LOCK+ASTERISK on numeric keypad (*)

 

Collapse the selected folder.

NUM LOCK+MINUS SIGN on numeric keypad (-)

 

Display the contents of the selected folder.

NUM LOCK+PLUS SIGN on numeric keypad (+)

 

Open the next menu to the right, or open a submenu.

RIGHT ARROW

 

Display current selection if it's collapsed, or select first subfolder.

RIGHT ARROW

 

Switch FilterKeys on and off.

Right SHIFT for eight seconds

 

Display the items in the active list in a dialog box.

F4

 

Refresh the active window.

F5

 

Cycle through screen elements in a window or on the desktop.

F6

 

Display the top of the active window.

HOME

 

Switch MouseKeys on and off.

Left ALT +left SHIFT +NUM LOCK

 

Switch High Contrast on and off.

Left ALT +left SHIFT +PRINT SCREEN

 

Open the next menu to the left, or close a submenu.

LEFT ARROW

 

Collapse current selection if it's expanded, or select parent folder.

LEFT ARROW

 

Display the shortcut menu for the selected item.

Menu key

 

Switch ToggleKeys on and off.

NUM LOCK for five seconds

 

Display all subfolders under the selected folder.

NUM LOCK+ASTERISK on numeric keypad (*)

 

Collapse the selected folder.

NUM LOCK+MINUS SIGN on numeric keypad (-)

 

Display the contents of the selected folder.

NUM LOCK+PLUS SIGN on numeric keypad (+)

 

Open the next menu to the right, or open a submenu.

RIGHT ARROW

 

Display current selection if it's collapsed, or select first subfolder.

RIGHT ARROW

 

Switch FilterKeys on and off.

Right SHIFT for eight seconds

 

Switch StickyKeys on and off.

SHIFT five times

 

Prevent the CD from automatically playing.

SHIFT when you insert a CD into the CD-ROM drive

 

Select more than one item in a window or on the desktop, or select text within a document.

SHIFT with any of the arrow keys

 

Delete selected item permanently without placing the item in the Recycle Bin.

SHIFT+DELETE

 

Display the shortcut menu for the selected item.

SHIFT+F10

 

Move backward through options in a dialog box.

SHIFT+TAB

 

Select or clear the check box if the active option is a check box in a dialog box.

SPACEBAR

 

Move forward through options in a dialog box.

TAB

 

Carry out the corresponding command.

Underlined letter in a command name on an open menu

 

Display or hide the Start menu.

Windows Key 

 

Lock your computer if you are connected to a network domain, or switch users if you are not connected to a network domain.

Windows Key+ L

 

Display the System Properties dialog box.

Windows Key+BREAK

 

Show the desktop.

Windows Key+D

 

Open My Computer.

Windows Key+E

 

Search for a file or folder.

Windows Key+F

 

Display Windows Help.

Windows Key+F1

 

Minimize all windows.

Windows Key+M

 

Open the Run dialog box.

Windows Key+R

 

Restores minimized windows.

Windows Key+Shift+M

 

Opens Utility Manager.

Windows Key+U

Cara Menginstall Windows 8

Bagi yang masih belum tahu langkah2 menginstall windows 8, baik memakai CD/DVD ataupun memakai USB flahdisk, berikut langkah2 untuk menginstall edisi pratinjau pengembang windows 8 dari microsoft. Windows 8 edisi Pengembang adalah versi pra-beta dari microsoft untuk pengujian dan tujuan pengembangan. ini tidak dianjurkan di install pada pc yang masih aktif digunakan.

Jika ada rencana untuk membuat dual booting, pastikan anda menyediakan partisi primer lebih dari 20GB. dan jika ada rencana untuk instalasi bersih, pastikan backup dahulu file2nya kemudian baru diformat harddisk C nya, lalu install bersih windows 8 nya.

1. Boot komputer anda dengan media instalasi windows 8 Developer.
2. Mungkin butuh beberapa menit untuk memuat file-file, dan kemudian akan membawa Anda ke layar instalasi. Pilih pilihan yang sesuai dan klik Next.
   
3. Sekarang klik pada “Install Now” untuk melanjutkan
   
4.  Centang “Accept the terms and conditions” dan kemudian klik “Next”.
   
5. Disini kita bisa memilih opsi apakah ingin meng-upgrade windows kita ke windows 8 Edisi Developer atau ingin melakukan instalasi bersih. Pilih Custom (Advanced) untuk melanjutkan instalasi bersih.
   
6. Pada layar ini Anda dapat memilih drive yang ingin Anda instal, di sini kita memiliki kemampuan untuk mengelola disk, format, membuat partisi dll Jika Anda berencana untuk men-setup Dual boot maka Anda dapat memilih drive yang berbeda. Setelah Anda mengkonfigurasi drive klik “Next”.
   
7. Itu saja sekarang akan dimulai proses instalasi, tunggu sampai selesai yang mengambil waktu 10 menit sampai 1 jam tergantung pada konfigurasi Hardware.
   
8. Setelah itu menyelesaikan instalasi Komputer Anda akan reboot dan akan mempersiapkan pengaturan2. Jadi silahkan menunggu beberapa saat.
   
9. Sekarang akan membawa Anda untuk mempersonalisasi pengaturan desktop Anda. Silahkan pilih “Express settings” yang pada layarnya tertera keterangan tentang apa saja settingan akan dilakukan.
   
10. Tidak seperti sistem operasi lain, pada Windows 8 Anda dapat login menggunakan account Windows Live. Jadi, Anda dapat memasukkan informasi account Windows Live Anda.
    
    
    Jika tidak ingin menggunakan metode login ini, silahkan klik pada “I don’t want to log in with a Windows Live ID”.
    
    
    Anda dapat memilih “Local account” untuk membuat Username dan Password untuk login ke Windows Anda.
    
    
    Setelah semua informasi telah dimasukkan, klik “Next”.
11. Sekarang Windows akan mengkonfigurasi pengaturan Anda
    
    
    
    
    Setelah semuanya di setup, maka kita akan disuguhkan tampilan Desktop Windows 8.
    
    

Selamat! Anda sekarang telah berhasil menginstal Windows 8 edisi Pengembang di komputer Anda.

Cara Menginstall Windows 7

Bagi yang belum pernah menginstall windows 7 ke komputer atau laptop. berikut cara menginstall windows 7 lengkap dengan gambar gambarnya. Langkah2 ini baik dengan menggunakan media DVD ataupun media lain seperti memakai flashdisk adalah sama, baik itu untuk versi 32bit maupun versi 64bit. Yuk kita mulai!.
Masukkan DVD windows 7 atau colokkan flashdisk windows 7 kita, dan kemudian booting lah memakai media yang telah kita pilih, lalu proses loading file akan dimulai.





Pilih bahasa Anda, waktu & format mata uang, keyboard atau metode input dan klik Next.



 Klik Install now


 Contreng I accept the license terms dan klik Next.
 

Klik Upgrade jika Anda sudah mempunyai versi Windows sebelumnya atau Custom (advanced) jika anda tidak memiliki versi Windows sebelumnya atau ingin menginstal salinan baru Windows 7.


(Lewati langkah ini jika Anda memilih Upgrade dan hanya memiliki satu partisi) Pilih drive mana Anda ingin menginstal Windows 7 dan klik Next. Jika Anda ingin membuat partisi, klik opsi Drive options (advanced), buatlah partisi dan kemudian klik Next.


Sekarang akan dimulai menginstal Windows 7. Langkah pertama, (yaitu Windows mulai menyalin file) sudah dilakukan ketika anda booting DVD/fd Windows 7 sehingga akan selesai seketika.


Setelah menyelesaikan langkah pertama, ia akan memperluas (decompress) file yang telah disalin.
 

 

Langkah ketiga dan keempat juga akan diselesaikan langsung seperti langkah pertama.




Setelah itu secara otomatis akan restart setelah 15 detik dan melanjutkan setup. Anda juga dapat klik Restart now untuk restart tanpa perlu menunggu.






Setelah restart untuk pertama kalinya, proses setup akan dilanjutkan. Ini adalah langkah terakhir sehingga akan mengambil waktu yang agak lamadaripada langkah sebelumnya.


Sekarang akan otomatis restart lagi dan melanjutkan setup. Anda dapat klik Restart now untuk restart tanpa perlu menunggu.








Ketik nama pengguna yang Anda inginkan dalam kotak-teks dan klik Next. Nama komputer akan otomatis terisi.


Jika Anda ingin mengatur sandi, ketik di kotak teks dan klik Next.


Ketik kunci produk Anda dalam kotak-teks dan klik Next. Anda juga dapat melewatkan langkah ini dan cukup klik Next jika Anda ingin mengetik kunci produk nanti. Windows akan berjalan hanya selama 30 hari jika Anda melakukan ini.



Pilih opsi yang Anda inginkan untuk Windows Update.


Pilih zona waktu dan klik Next.


Jika anda terhubung ke jaringan apapun, ia akan meminta Anda untuk menetapkan lokasi jaringan.












Nah selesai sudah proses penginstallan Windows7 baik dengan menggunakan flashdisk maupun DVD.

Ukuran Letak Data pada Data Tidak Berkelompok dan Data Berkelompok

Sebelum mempelajari tentang kuartil, desil, dan persentil pada data tidak berkelompok dan data berkelompok, tentu kita perlu mengetahui terlebih dahulu apa kegunaannya bukan?
Jika Anda pernah mempelajari statisitka tentunya Anda pernah mendengar yang namanya kurva genta normal, kurva simetrik normal, kurva menjulur ke kanan, menjulur ke kiri, kurva j, kurva j terbalik, kurva u, kurva u terbalik kan?

Tentu kita perlu mengetahui kesimetrisan dari kurva simetrik, maupun kurva lainnya. Untuk mengetahui hal tersebut, maka kita diperlukan kuartil, desil, maupun persentil.

Yuk kita mulai saja langsung :